Waygook Catholic 외국 가톨릭: The Sorrowful Mysteries (Tuesdays & Fridays)

I. The Agony in the Garden

Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo「La Oración en el Huerto」

Matthew 26: 36-39

36 So Jesus came, and they with him, to a plot of land called Gethsemani; and he said to his disciples, Sit down here, while I go in there and pray. 37 But he took Peter and the sons of Zebedee with him. And now he grew sorrowful and dismayed; 38 My soul, he said, is ready to die with sorrow; do you abide here, and watch with me. 39 When he had gone a little further, he fell upon his face in prayer, and said, My Father, if it is possible, let this chalice pass me by; only as thy will is, not as mine is.

Catechism of the Catholic Church 2849

Such a battle and such a victory become possible only through prayer. It is by his prayer that Jesus vanquishes the tempter, both at the outset of his public mission and in the ultimate struggle of his agony. [Cf. Mt 4:1-11; 26:36-44.] In this petition to our heavenly Father, Christ unites us to his battle and his agony. He urges us to vigilance of the heart in communion with his own. Vigilance is "custody of the heart," and Jesus prayed for us to the Father: "Keep them in your name." [Jn 17:11; cf. Mk 13:9,23,33-37; 14:38; Lk 12:35-40.] The Holy Spirit constantly seeks to awaken us to keep watch. [Cf. 1 Cor 16:13; Col 4:2; 1 Thess 5:6; 1 Pet 5:8.] Finally, this petition takes on all its dramatic meaning in relation to the last temptation of our earthly battle; it asks for final perseverance. "Lo, I am coming like a thief! Blessed is he who is awake." [Rev 16:15.]

II. The Scourging at the Pillar

William Adolphe Bouguereau「Flagellation de Notre Seigneur Jesus Christ」

John 19:1-3

1 Then Pilate took Jesus and scourged him. 2 And the soldiers put on his head a crown which they had woven out of thorns, and dressed him in a scarlet cloak; 3 they would come up to him and say, Hail, king of the Jews, and then strike him on the face.

Catechism of the Catholic Church 572

The Church remains faithful to the interpretation of "all the Scriptures" that Jesus gave both before and after his Passover: "Was it not necessary that the Christ should suffer these things and enter into his glory?" [Lk 24:26-27,44-45.] Jesus' sufferings took their historical, concrete form from the fact that he was "rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes", who handed "him to the Gentiles to be mocked and scourged and crucified". [Mk 8:31; Mt 20:19.]

III. The Crowning With Thorns

Matthias Stom「Christ Crowned With Thorns」

Matthew 27:27-29

27 After this, the governor’s soldiers took Jesus into the palace, and gathered the whole of their company about him. 28 First they stripped him, and arrayed him in a scarlet cloak; 29 then they put on his head a crown which they had woven out of thorns, and a rod in his right hand, and mocked him by kneeling down before him, and saying, Hail, king of the Jews.

Catechism of the Catholic Church 616

It is love "to the end" [Jn 13:1.] that confers on Christ's sacrifice its value as redemption and reparation, as atonement and satisfaction. He knew and loved us all when he offered his life. [Cf. Gal 2:20; Eph 5:2, 25.] Now "the love of Christ controls us, because we are convinced that one has died for all; therefore all have died." [2 Cor 5:14.] No man, not even the holiest, was ever able to take on himself the sins of all men and offer himself as a sacrifice for all. The existence in Christ of the divine person of the Son, who at once surpasses and embraces all human persons, and constitutes himself as the Head of all mankind, makes possible his redemptive sacrifice for all.

IV. The Carrying of the Cross

Raphael「Lo Spasimo/Il Spasimo di Sicilia」

Mark 15:21-22

21 As for his cross, they forced a passer-by who was coming in from the country to carry it, one Simon of Cyrene, the father of Alexander and Rufus. 22 And so they took him to a place called Golgotha, which means, The place of a skull.

Catechism of the Catholic Church 612

The cup of the New Covenant, which Jesus anticipated when he offered himself at the Last Supper, is afterwards accepted by him from his Father's hands in his agony in the garden at Gethsemani, [Cf. Mt 26:42; Lk 22:20.] making himself "obedient unto death". Jesus prays: "My Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me. . ." [Phil 2:8; Mt 26:39; cf. Heb 5:7-8.] Thus he expresses the horror that death represented for his human nature. Like ours, his human nature is destined for eternal life; but unlike ours, it is perfectly exempt from sin, the cause of death. [Cf. Rom 5:12; Heb 4:15.] Above all, his human nature has been assumed by the divine person of the "Author of life", the "Living One". [Cf. Acts 3:15; Rev 1:17; Jn 1:4; 5:26.] By accepting in his human will that the Father's will be done, he accepts his death as redemptive, for "he himself bore our sins in his body on the tree." [1 Pet 224; cf. Mt 26:42.]

V. The Crucifixion

Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez「Cristo Crucificado」

Luke 23:33-46

33 And when they reached the place which is named after a skull, they crucified him there; and also the two criminals, one on his right and the other on his left. 34 Jesus meanwhile was saying, Father, forgive them; they do not know what it is they are doing. And they divided his garments among themselves by lot. 35 The people stood by, watching; and the rulers joined them in pouring scorn on him; He saved others, they said; if he is the Christ, God’s chosen, let him save himself. 36 The soldiers, too, mocked him, when they came and offered him vinegar, 37 by saying, If thou art the king of the Jews, save thyself. 38 (A proclamation had been written up over him in Greek, Latin and Hebrew, This is the king of the Jews.) 39 And one of the two thieves who hung there fell to blaspheming against him; Save thyself, he said, and us too, if thou art the Christ. 40 But the other rebuked him; What, he said, hast thou no fear of God, when thou art undergoing the same sentence? 41 And we justly enough; we receive no more than the due reward of our deeds; but this man has done nothing amiss. 42 Then he said to Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom. 43 And Jesus said to him, I promise thee, this day thou shalt be with me in Paradise. 44 It was about the sixth hour, and there was darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour. 45 The sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was torn in the midst: 46 and Jesus said, crying with a loud voice, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit; and yielded up his spirit as he said it.

Catechism of the Catholic Church 619

"Christ died for our sins in accordance with the scriptures" (I Cor 15:3).

Sorrowful Mysteries (English)